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by、till、until 在表示时间时的用法区别

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["I", "'ll", "have", "finished", "this", "book", "by", "tomorrow", "."][{"i": 2, "s": [1, 2, 3], "r": "短语", "e": [2, 3, 9], "d": {"poses": [0, 2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 4, "s": [3, 4], "r": "动词短语", "e": [4, 6], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 8, "s": [6, 7], "r": "状语结构", "e": [7, 9], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 22, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 9, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 7, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 13, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 9, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

by、till、until均可用作介词表示时间，均含到...时候之意。

by

by表示在...以前, 到...时已经, 最迟到...等。

  • By now he will be eating dinner. 现在他一定是在吃饭。
  • I'll have finished this book by tomorrow. 到明天我就会把这书看完了。
  • I require my new coat by Monday. 我的新上衣要在星期一以前做好。
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  • I'll finish the work by Saturday. 我将在星期六以前完成工作。
  • You must get the work done by Friday. 你必须最迟在星期五以前把工作做完。
  • You never know, it may stop raining by tomorrow morning. 说不定这雨到明天早上就不下了呢。
  • The outstanding debts must be paid by the end of the month. 未了的债务须在月底前偿还。
till

till表示到...为止。

用在肯定句时，句中谓语动词应是持续性动词。

用在否定句时，句中谓语动词应是终止性动词。

  • He waited till Friday. 他一直等到星期五。
  • I won't qualify till next year. 我明年才具备资格。
  • I needn't leave till 9 tomorrow. 我不必在明天 9 点以前离开。
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  • I needn't be leaving till 9 tomorrow. 我不必在明天 9 点以前离开。
  • We shan't know the results till next week. 我们下星期才能知道结果。
until

until是till的强调形式，它们表达的含义非常接近。

细微区别如下:

till到达时刻后，事件或状况仍将持续。

until到达时刻后，事件或状况将终止。

  • The meeting continued [until/till] 7:00.
  • He waits [until/till] the children are asleep.
It is not until + (被强调部分) + that + 从句

这是一个固定搭配，其中的until不能被替换成till。

  • It was not until the film had begun that he arrived. 直到电影开始他才来。
  • It is not until 8:00 that we begin our class every day. 我们每天八点开始上课。
not until放句首

此时until不能被替换成till。

  • Not until the last moment did he change his mind. 直到最后一刻他才改变主意。
  • Not until midnight did it stop raining. 直到午夜雨才停。
until可以放句首

till则通常不这么用。

  • Until then, I knew nothing at all about it. 在那之前，我对此事一无所知。
  • Until you told me I had no idea of it. 在你告诉我之前，我对此一无所知。
固定搭配

from morning till night从早到晚

up till now直到现在

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even though、even if 有何区别

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["He", "went", "out", "even", "though", "it", "was", "raining", "."][{"i": 0, "s": [0, 3], "r": "固定搭配", "e": [3, 9], "d": {"poses": [0, 1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 3, "s": [1, 2], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [2, 3], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 4, "s": [3, 4, 5], "r": "固定搭配", "e": [4, 5, 9], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 8, "s": [7], "r": "动词短语", "e": [8], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}][{"s": 3, "r": 5, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 13, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 8, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 11, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 9, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 9, "e": 8, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 9, "subs": [{"coos": [], "c": 2, "e": 9, "subs": [], "s": 5, "r": "状语从句"}, {"coos": [], "c": 1, "e": 3, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "主句"}], "s": 0, "r": "固定搭配"}

even though和even if均可用于引导让步状语从句，其细微区别是：

even though
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["Both", "are", "right", "."][{"i": 1, "s": [0], "r": "形容词短语", "e": [1], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 4, "e": 4, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 4, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

both、either 及 neither 的区别

Both
代词

意为两者都。可单独使用，也可与of sth.连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

  • Both are right.
  • Both of us are from America.
  • We are both Americans.
形容词

修饰名词时，名词使用复数。

  • There are many trees on the both sides of the road.
连词

与and连用: both...and...，意为...与...两者都...，连接主语时谓语动词用复数。

  • Both my brother and I are football players.
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["It", "'s", "going", "to", "rain", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [1, 2, 3, 4], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [2, 3, 4, 6], "d": {"poses": [3], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2, 3]}}, {"i": 4, "s": [4], "r": "动词短语", "e": [5], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}][{"s": 2, "r": 11, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 13, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 10, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 9, "e": 5, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

be about to 与 be going to 有何区别

be about to

be about to表示就要、即将干某事，指最近的将来，表示动作马上就要发生。

  • Don't leave now. We are about to have lunch.
注意

be about to本身已清楚地表示出即将到来的短暂时刻，所以句子中不能再与at once、immediately等表示具体的将来的时间联用。 

正: I'm about to go. 
误: I'm about to go at once. 
误: I'm about to go tomorrow.
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feeling 是否可数

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["We", "can", "understand", "her", "feelings", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [2, 3], "r": "动词短语", "e": [3, 6], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 22, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 6, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
表示 “感情” 或 “重要的情绪” 等，通常用复数形式
  • We can understand her feelings. 我们理解她的心情。
  • He doesn't care about the feelings of others. 他不顾别人的感情。

表示伤害某人的感情，通常用动词hurt, 有时也可用injure或wound(均不如用hurt常见)。如:

  • I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. 我不是有意要伤害你的感情。
  • Never needlessly hurt/injure/wound the feelings of anybody. 千万不要无谓地伤害任何人的感情。
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sometime、some time、sometimes 及 some times 有何区别

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["We", "'ll", "take", "our", "holiday", "sometime", "in", "August", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [2, 4], "r": "动词短语", "e": [3, 5], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 9, "s": [5], "r": "副词短语", "e": [6], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}, {"i": 11, "s": [6, 7], "r": "介词短语", "e": [7, 9], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 22, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 7, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 15, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 13, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 9, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
sometime
副词

表示某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。

  • Would you come to the cinema with me, sometime? 赏脸找个时间和我看场电影吗？(将来)
  • We'll take our holiday sometime in August. 我们会在八月找个时间度假。(将来)
  • I bought this sometime last summer. 这是我在上个夏天买的。(过去)
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  • This mansion was built sometime around. 这栋大厦是1980年左右建的。(过去)
形容词

表示前, 过去的。意思类似former。

  • This is our sometime general manager. 这是我们的前任总经理。
  • Our sometime classmate, Rose, is now a pop star. 我们以前的同学罗斯，现在是明星了。
sometimes
副词

表示有时候。扩展: at times也是有时的意思。

  • Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. 每个人有时都会犯傻，但没有谁会一直都傻。
  • I sometimes have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。
some time

表示某段时间。常与for连用。

  • We plan to stay in Hainan for some time. 我们打算在海南呆上一段时间。
  • I will keep the computer for some time, so you can use it. 这部电脑我会留着一段时间，你可以用。
some times

表示几次。

several times也可以表示几次，但比some times较确定。

time作可数名词时表示次数; 表示时间时是不可数名词。

  • I am sure that we have met some times before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。
  • The newly bought microwave oven failed to work some times. 新买的微波炉坏了几次了。
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["Not", "at", "all", ",", "I", "think", "I", "'ve", "done", "a", "service", "to", "my", "country", "."][{"i": 0, "s": [0, 4], "r": "固定搭配", "e": [4, 15], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 2, "s": [0, 1, 2], "r": "副词短语", "e": [1, 2, 3], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 6, "s": [5, 6], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [6, 15], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 11, "s": [8, 9, 11, 12], "r": "动词短语", "e": [9, 11, 12, 15], "d": {"poses": [1, 3], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2, 3]}}][{"s": 0, "r": 5, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 0, "r": 6, "e": 1, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 13, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 3, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 9, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 22, "e": 8, "t": 2}, {"s": 8, "r": 9, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 11, "r": 13, "e": 12, "t": 2}, {"s": 9, "r": 3, "e": 11, "t": 2}, {"s": 12, "r": 3, "e": 15, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 15, "subs": [{"coos": [], "c": 1, "e": 15, "subs": [{"coos": [], "c": 2, "e": 15, "subs": [], "s": 6, "r": "宾语从句"}], "s": 4, "r": "主句"}], "s": 0, "r": "固定搭配"}

not at all 详解

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用来回答感谢，意为不用谢, 不客气

A: Thank you very much. 多谢你了。

B: Not at all. 不客气。

用来回答带有感谢性质的客套话，意为没什么

A: You are very kind. 你真好。

B: Not at all. 没什么。

用来回答道歉，意为没关系

A: I'm sorry I'm late. 对不起，我迟到了。

B: Oh, not at all, do come in. 噢，没关系，请进来。

用来表示否定(是no的加强说法)，意为一点也不

A: Are you tired? 你累了吗?

B: Not at all. 一点不累。

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work、do 有何区别

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["The", "drug", "will", "not", "work", "."][][{"s": 2, "r": 22, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 7, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 9, "e": 5, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
work

work表示行得通, 奏效等。

  • The plan worked well. 这个计划很起作用。
  • The drug will not work. 这药不会起作用。
  • It worked like a charm. 这产生了奇效。
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  • Your idea won't work in practice. 你的想法实际上行不通。
  • Will these new methods work? 这些新方法会奏效吗?
  • I think your suggestion will work. 我想你的建议会奏效的。
  • The medicine worked and the pain went away soon. 这药效很好，疼痛很快就消失了。
do

do表示行, 适合, 凑合。

  • Will that do? 那行吗?
  • Any dictionary will do. 什么词典都行。
  • This won't do. I'll take that. 这个不行，我要那个。
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  • I'm terribly hungry. Get me something to eat, please. Anything will do. 我饿极了，请给我弄点吃的东西来，什么都行。
  • When shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再见面?
  • Any time will do. It's all the same to me. 什么时候都行，我无所谓。
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among、between 有何区别

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["There", "was", "a", "fight", "between", "the", "two", "boys", "."][{"i": 1, "s": [0, 1, 2], "r": "陈述句", "e": [1, 2, 9], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}][{"s": 0, "r": 8, "e": 1, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 15, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 13, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 9, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
among

among一般用于三者或三者以上的在…中间，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词。如:

  • They hid themselves among the trees. 他们躲在树林中。
  • I found it among a pile of old books. 我在一堆旧书中找到了它。

根据上述特性, among还用于下列情况:

(1) 用来引出最高级的比较范围。如:

  • The book is the best among the modern novels. 在现代小说中这本是最好的。

(2) 表示是…当中的一个(相当于 one of)。如:

  • I was among the first to come. 我是来得最早的一个。
  • Paris is among the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
between

between一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由and连接的两个人或物。如:

  • There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。
  • The baby crawled between his father's legs. 婴儿在他父亲的双腿中间爬。
  • I'm usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. 我通常在星期二与星期四之间有空。

注: 在下列情况，between可用于表示三者之间:

(1) 两个以上的人或物用and连接时:

between A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之间

(2) 涉及事物之间的区别或关系时。如:

    the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别。
    the relations between various countries各国之间的关系。

(3) 表示由于…合作的结果时:

  • Between them they landed the fish. 他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。
可互换的场景

在divide,share等表示分享; 分给之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用among或between均可:

  • He divided his money among his five sons. 他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。
  • He divided his money between his five sons. 他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。
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["I", "'m", "staying", "at", "a", "little", "hotel", "just", "across", "from", "the", "Libyan", "Embassy", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [2, 3, 4], "r": "动词短语", "e": [3, 4, 14], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 12, "s": [8, 9, 10], "r": "介词短语", "e": [9, 10, 14], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}][{"s": 2, "r": 11, "e": 14, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 13, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 14, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 3, "e": 14, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 15, "e": 14, "t": 2}, {"s": 10, "r": 3, "e": 14, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 14, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

across 用法归纳

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作状语

表示动态意义，意为横过, 到...的另一边。

  • Can you swim across? 你能游过去吗? (副词用法)
  • I cam swim across the river in 10 minutes. 我可以在 10 分钟之内游过河去。(介词用法)
作表语，或修饰作表语的介词

表示静态意义，意为在...的另一边。

  • My house is just across the street. 我家就在街道对面。(介词作表语)
  • We leave Dover at ten and we should be across in France by midnight. 我们 10 点钟离开多佛，午夜时应能抵达法国那边。(副词用法，修饰介词表语)
across from 与 from across
across from

表静态意义，意为在对面，与opposite同义，此时也可省略from只说across。如：

  • Just across from our house there's a school. 就在我们房子的对面有一所学校。
  • I'm staying at a little hotel just across from the Libyan Embassy. 我住在利比亚大使馆正对面的一所小旅馆里。
from across

则表动态意义，意为从...的对面。

  • He shouted to me from across the room. 他从房间的另一边向我喊。
  • They waved at us from across the room. 他们从房间那一头向我们招手。
注意不要与动词 cross 弄混
表示穿过时的用法比较
  • It's dangerous for an old man to cross such a crowded street. 老人穿过这样拥挤的街道很危险。
  • It's dangerous for an old man to walk across such a crowded street. 老人穿过这样拥挤的街道很危险。
表示交叉时的用法比较
  • The roads cross just outside the village. 那两条路就在村外交叉。
  • He sat there with his arms across his chest. 他坐在那儿，两臂交叉放在胸前。
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in、put on、wear、dress、have on、pull on 有何区别

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["She", "is", "dressed", "in", "a", "fur", "coat", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [2, 3, 4], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [3, 4, 8], "d": {"poses": [-1, 2], "piece_poses": [0, -1, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 9, "s": [5, 6], "r": "名词短语", "e": [6, 8], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 12, "e": 8, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 13, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 8, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 8, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

它们都含有穿、戴之意，但用法不同。

in
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area、region、district 有何区别

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["I", "live", "in", "this", "district", "."][{"i": 2, "s": [1, 2, 3], "r": "动词短语", "e": [2, 3, 6], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 9, "s": [4], "r": "名词短语", "e": [5], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 13, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 6, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

三者均可表示地区，区别如下:

area

area是这组词中用得最广的，表示的地区可大可小，但通常不指行政分区。如:

  • I find the people in this area very friendly. 我发现这个地方的人很友好。
region

region通常指较大的地区，它既可以表示一个国家的行政分区，也可以指非行政分区。如:

  • The southeast is the richest of England. 英国的东南部是最富有的。
  • Italy is divided into 20 regions. 意大利被分为20个行政区。

其他用例：

the Arctic region北极地区

an oil region石油产区

in country regions在农村地区

a forest region林区

district

district指相对于region稍小的地区，通常指一个国家或城市的行政分区，有时也指非行政分区。如:

  • The letters SW1 stand for a postal district of London. SW1 这几个字母代表伦敦的邮政分区。
  • The busiest shopping district in Beijing is around Wangfujing Street. 北京最热闹的商业区是王府井大街一带。
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