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更新公告 (2022-10-02)
10 月 2 号更新: Enpuz 网页版已支持微信登陆
  1. "成份划分" 功能正式上线，围绕核心谓词，划分及标注句子成份内容。
  2. 优化 500 余处短语、单词翻译。
  3. 支持微信登陆 Enpuz 网页版。
  4. 清空式修复当前已收集的全部 badcase。
●  近期更新(年中大版本更新)
  1. 引擎篇 –– 重构核心 AI 引擎，大幅度提升分析结果精确度。里程碑
  2. 功能篇 –– 上线句子成份划分功能，句子结构一目了然。
  3. 内容篇 –– 上新 200 大类高品质语法内容。
●  10 月更新预告

上线网页版微信登陆功能、着手网页版重构。

●  新功能"成份划分"示例

I主语 should pay谓语动词(复合结构) Mary间接宾语 a visit,直接宾语
We主语 made谓语动词 it形式宾语 clear宾补(形容词) that he won真实宾语
It形式主语 isbe 动词 the peculiarity of knowledge表语(名词) that those who ••• it真实主语

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area、region 及 district 的区别

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["John", "is", "the", "area", "manager", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [3, 4], "r": "名词短语", "e": [4, 6], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 2, "e": 6, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

三者均可表示地区，区别如下:

area

area是这组词中用得最广的，表示的地区可大可小，但通常不指行政分区。如:

  • I find the people in this area very friendly. 我发现这个地方的人很友好。
region

region通常指较大的地区，它既可以表示一个国家的行政分区，也可以指非行政分区。如:

  • The southeast is the richest of England. 英国的东南部是最富有的。
  • Italy is divided into 20 regions. 意大利被分为20个行政区。

其他用例：

the Arctic region北极地区

an oil region石油产区

in country regions在农村地区

a forest region林区

district

district指相对于region稍小的地区，通常指一个国家或城市的行政分区，有时也指非行政分区。如:

  • The letters SW1 stand for a postal district of London. SW1 这几个字母代表伦敦的邮政分区。
  • The busiest shopping district in Beijing is around Wangfujing Street. 北京最热闹的商业区是王府井大街一带。
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attempt 与 try 有何区别

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["He", "attempted", "to", "climb", "the", "mountain", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [1, 2, 3], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [2, 3, 7], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}, {"i": 5, "s": [3, 5], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [4, 6], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 13, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 10, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 9, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 7, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 7, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

两者均可表示设法; 尝试，有时可互换，只是attempt比try更正式。

  • The prisoners [tried/attempted] to escape but failed. 犯人企图逃跑，但未能得逞。
在用法上区别较大

attempt在现代英语中只用作及物动词或后接不定式，不可单独用作不及物动词。

try则可用作及物或不及物动词皆可。

我恐怕做不了，但我要试试。
误: I'm afraid I can't do it, but I'll attempt. 
正: I'm afraid I can't do it. but I'll try.

attempt后接不定式或动名词均可(以不定式为常见)，且含义无多大差别。

try后接不定式或动名词差别较大。

try to do.表示设法或尽量做某事。

try doing.表示试着做某事; 尝试做某事。

  • He attempted [to climb/climbing] the mountain. 他们试图要攀登这座山。
  • He tried to persuade her to stay. 他设法要说服她留下。
  • Try phoning his home number. 给他家里打个电话试试。
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["He", "didn't", "answer", "my", "question", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [2, 4], "r": "动词短语", "e": [3, 5], "d": {"piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 22, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 10, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 6, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

answer、reply 的区别

两者均可表示回答。

answer属常用词，多用于一般性应答。

reply则较正式，多指经过考虑而作出答复。

  • He answered my letter. 他给我回了信。(指他在信中说信已收到等)
  • He replied to my letter. 他给我回了信。(指他在信中把我提出的问题都作出回答)
  • I was so nervous that I couldn't [answer/reply]. 我紧张得没作回答。
及物属性

answer可自由地用作及物或不及物动词。

reply除后接that从句外，一般只用作不及物动词。其后若接名词或代词作宾语，应借助介词to。

  • He replied that he had changed his mind. 他回答说他改变了主意。
  • He didn't [answer/reply to] my question. 他没有回答我的问题。
搭配

answer除表示回答外，还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应等(常与telephone、door、bell、door-bell等联用)。但reply不能这样用。

  • Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话?
  • A little girl answered the door. 一个小女孩应声去开门。
  • Nobody answered my call for help. 没有人理会我的呼救。
对应的名词形式

两者除用作动词外，都可用作名词。若要表示对...的回答(答复, 答案)，其后均接介词to(不用of)。

  • Have you had an answer to your letter? 你寄出的信有回音没有?
  • I received no reply to my request. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。
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["The", "doctor", "advised", "a", "complete", "rest", "."][{"i": 4, "s": [2, 3], "r": "动词短语", "e": [3, 7], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}, {"i": 8, "s": [4, 5], "r": "名词短语", "e": [5, 7], "d": {"poses": [1], "piece_poses": [0, 1]}}][{"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 7, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 7, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

advise 用法归纳

advise意为劝告, 忠告; 当...的顾问; 通知, 告知; 建议采取。

是及物动词，宾语可以是人或物。

  • Early booking is advised. 建议及早订票。
  • The doctor advised a complete rest. 医生让完全休息。
  • Experts were brought in to advise the Government. 请来了专家担当政府顾问。
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  • I've tried to advise her but she won't listen. 我设法给她出主意，但是她不肯听。
advise sb. to do.
  • They advised him to wait. 他们劝他等待。
  • Shakespeare advises us not to borrow or lend. 莎士比亚劝我们既不要向人借钱也不要借钱给人。
  • Would you advise me to phone, or shall I wait a bit longer? 你看我打电话好，还是我再等一会儿好?
advise doing.
  • I'd advise taking a different approach. 我建议换个方式。
  • I wouldn't advise taking the car. 我看不要开车去。
  • She advised keeping the gate locked. 她忠告我们应当锁好门。
be advised to do.
  • You would be well advised to stay indoors. 你最好待在屋里。
  • Obese patients are advised to change their diet. 建议肥胖病人改变饮食。
  • You would be well advised to reconsider your decision. 你应该把你的决定再重新考虑一下才好。
advise sb's doing.
  • I advised his starting at once. 我劝他马上动身。
  • He advised her applying at once. 他劝告她立即提出申请。
  • I advise his waiting a few more days. 我建议他再等几天。
advise + wh-/how + to do.
  • I advised her where to stay. 我帮她出主意在哪里住。
  • They will advise you what to do. 他们将给你出主意怎么办。
  • Can you advise me whether to register this letter? 你看，这封信需要挂号不?
advise whether...(陈述语气)
  • Please advise me whether I should accept the offer. 请帮我出主意我是否应接受这份工作。
advise sb. about doing.
  • Is a solicitor the best person to advise me about buying a house? 律师是我买房子的最好顾问吗?
advise that...(陈述语气)
  • We have advised her that we are coming. 我们已通知她我们即将到来。
advise that...(虚拟语气)
  • She advised that we should keep the gate locked. 她忠告我们要把门锁好。
  • The doctor advised that he change his job. 医生劝他换工作。
  • We advised that they should start early. 我们建议他们应该及早开始。
注意!Enpuz暂不支持虚拟语气中省略should情况的分析 :(
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travel、trip 及 journey 有何区别

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["He", "is", "fond", "of", "travel", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [2, 3, 4], "r": "固定搭配", "e": [3, 4, 6], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 4, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 4, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 13, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 6, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 6, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

三者均可表示旅行。

travel

travel泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。

  • He is fond of [travel/travelling]. 他喜欢旅行。
  • Travel is much cheaper than it used to be. 现在旅行比过去便宜多了。
注: 有时可用复数形式，主要指时间较长的各处旅行，此时通常有物主代词修饰，但是尽管用了复数形式，却不能与many或数词连用
  • He's gone off on his travels again. 他又外出旅行了。

另外，travel通常只是泛指旅行，而不特指某次具体的旅行，所以通常不说: How was your travel?

trip

trip通常指近距离的为了办公或消遣而进行旅行，并且往往要回到出发点(即指双程)，不过有时trip也可指远距离的长途旅行，可与journey换用，比journey更通俗。

  • He's on a trip to Shanghai. 他去上海旅行了
  • He'll make a round-the-world trip. 他将周游世界。
journey

journey通常指远距离的陆地旅行，并且不一定要返回到出发地(即通常指单程)。

  • I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你一路顺风。
  • He made a journey to Beijing. 他去北京旅行了。

注: journey有时并不指真正意义的旅行，而只是表示走过一段距离。

  • How long is your journey to work? 你上班要走多远?
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小贴士：口语、俚语、网络语等通常不易解释或不可解释，理解掌握即可。
["Nobody", "went", "to", "see", "him", "except", "his", "wife", "."][][{"s": 1, "r": 20, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 5, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 13, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 10, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 20, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 9, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 3, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 5, "e": 9, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 13, "e": 6, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 3, "e": 9, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 9, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

but、except 及 besides 的区别

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介词but、except、besides都可表示除...之外。

besides表示一种累加关系，意指除了什么之外, 还有...，侧重于另外还有...。

except或but则表示一种排除关系，意指除了什么之外, 不再有...，侧重于除了...之外。

  • Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女儿也去看过他(即妻子女儿都去看过他)。
  • Nobody went to see him [except/but] his wife. 除他妻子外，没有一个人看过他(即只有他妻子去看过他)。
注意! 在否定句中，besides也表示除...之外不再有... ，与but、except同义
  • No one passed the exam [besides/except] Jim. 除吉姆外，没一个人通过考试。
but 与 except 的区别

两者都可表示除...外不再有...。

侧重不同

but侧重表达“几乎完整”。

except侧重强调“后面除去的部分”。

  • I love all fruits but orange. 我喜欢所有水果但不包括桔子。
  • I love all fruits except orange. 除了桔子我喜欢所有水果。
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majority、most 的区别

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["I", "did", "most", "of", "the", "job", "."][][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 3, "e": 7, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 7, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

majority只能修饰可数名词，例: the majority of countries。

most修饰可数或不可数名词均可，还可用作副词。

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most、mostly 有何区别

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["Most", "people", "are", "healthy", "."][][{"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 4, "e": 5, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 5, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

most作副词时，表示最; 非常, 及其，用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very。

most作限定词或名词时，表示大部分, 大多数，例: most people。

mostly作副词，表示大部分，例: the people are mostly...。

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["The", "buses", ",", "most", "of", "which", "were", "already", "full", ",", "were", "surrounded", "by", "an", "angry", "crowd", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [3, 4, 5, 6], "r": "定语从句", "e": [4, 5, 6, 10], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2, 3]}}, {"i": 6, "s": [5], "r": "名词短语", "e": [6], "d": {"piece_poses": [0]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 3, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 15, "e": 10, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 13, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 6, "r": 9, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 7, "r": 6, "e": 8, "t": 2}, {"s": 8, "r": 4, "e": 10, "t": 2}, {"s": 10, "r": 9, "e": 11, "t": 2}, {"s": 11, "r": 12, "e": 17, "t": 2}, {"s": 11, "r": 9, "e": 12, "t": 2}, {"s": 12, "r": 13, "e": 13, "t": 2}, {"s": 13, "r": 3, "e": 17, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 17, "subs": [{"coos": [], "c": 2, "e": 10, "subs": [], "s": 3, "r": "定语从句"}], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}

most 与 most of 有何区别

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most与most of的区别在许多情况下与所修饰的名词是否带有限定词(如冠词、指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格等)有关。

所修饰的名词前没有限定词

如果所修饰的名词前没有限定词，通常要用most，不用most of。

  • Most people agree with me. 多数人同意我的意见。
  • Most cheese is made from cow's milk. 奶酪大都是用牛奶做的。
  • Most people work from nine to five. 大多数人从 9 点工作到 5 点。

但是，在习惯上不带冠词的专有名词(如人名和地名等)或抽象名词(如学科名词等)前，要用most of，不用most。

  • Most of George seemed to be covered with hair. 乔治身上好像大部分地方都长毛。
  • Most of Wales was without electricity last night. 昨天夜里，威尔士多数地区都停电了。
所修饰的名词前带有限定词

如果所修饰的名词前带有限定词，则用most of，不能只用most。

  • Most of my friends live abroad. 我的朋友大多数住在国外。
  • Most of the people here know each other. 这里大多数人互相认识。
  • He's eaten two pizzas and most of a cold chicken. 他吃了两张比萨饼和大半只冷鸡。
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  • Most of those workers have still been unable to find jobs. 这批工人中大多数仍未能找到工作。

注意，不要按汉语思维习惯，将限定词放在most之前。

误: My most friends live abroad.

误: The most people here know each other.

误: He's eaten two pizzas and a most cold chicken.

误: Those most workers have still been unable to find jobs.

对于可数名词来说，如果是单数形式，不能直接在其前使用most，而应使用most of + 限定词 + 单数可数名词的形式。

  • Narrative makes up most of the book. 记叙文占书的大部分。
  • You've got most of the bed as usual. 你跟往常一样占了大半张床。
  • The hen sits for most of the day. 这只母鸡整天大部分时间都在抱窝。
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  • It was wet and windy for most of the week. 一周大半时间都是又下雨又刮风。
直接用在代词之前

如果直接用在代词之前，要用most of，不用most。

  • Most of us thought he was wrong. 我们大多数人认为他错了。
  • Most of them probably eat too much meat. 他们大多数人都吃太多的肉了。

注意，在关系代词前也只能用most of，不用most。

  • The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
  • I have a number of American relatives, most of whom live in Texas. 我有一些美国亲戚，他们大都住在得克萨斯。

另外，在连接代词what引导的从句前也是用most of，不用most。

  • I learned most of what I know about gardening through trial and error. 我的大部分园艺知识都是通过不断摸索学到的。
省略

如果意思明确，most后所修饰的名词可以省略，但most of后所修饰的名词永远不能省略。

也就是说，如果是不修饰名词而单独使用，只能用most，不用most of。

  • A few people were killed in the fire, but most were saved. 在那场火灾中，有几个人被烧死，但大部分人都得救了。
  • Some potatoes have been harvested, but most are still in the ground. 一些土豆已经收获了，但大多数仍然在地里。
指代范围

most与most of修饰名词时有时在含义上有差别，即前者多表示泛指，后者多表示特指。

  • Most people like to spend Christmas at home. 多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节。
  • Most of the people I know like to spend Christmas at home. 我所认识的人当中，多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节。
作主语

most [of] ...用作主语时，其谓语是否用单数或复数形式，需根据它所修饰或代表的名词的可数性来确定。

  • Most of her books were stolen. 她的大部分书被偷走了。
  • Most of her money was stolen. 她的大部分钱被走偷了。
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come across 用法归纳

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["We", "come", "across", "difficulties", "."][{"i": 3, "s": [1, 2, 3], "r": "动词固定搭配", "e": [2, 3, 5], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}][{"s": 1, "r": 9, "e": 2, "t": 2}, {"s": 2, "r": 13, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 3, "e": 5, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 5, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
偶然遇见, 碰见(=run across)
  • Where did you [come/run] across her? 你在那儿碰到她的?
  • I've just come across a beautiful poem in this book. 我在这本书里偶然发现一首优美的诗。
被理解，被传达(=come over)
  • He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across. 他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。
使人产生某种印象(=come over)
  • Your speech came across very well. 你的演说相当受欢迎。
  • He came across as [sympathetic/a sympathetic person]. 他给人以有同情心的印象。

注意以下用法，它不是习语，其中的across为副词，表示在另一边:

  • Come across to my office this afternoon. 你今天下午到我办公室来一趟。
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be easy to do. 用法归纳

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["The", "work", "is", "easy", "to", "do", "."][{"i": 5, "s": [3, 4, 5], "r": "固定搭配", "e": [4, 5, 7], "d": {"poses": [2], "piece_poses": [0, 1, 2]}}][{"s": 2, "r": 9, "e": 3, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 4, "e": 7, "t": 2}, {"s": 3, "r": 4, "e": 4, "t": 2}, {"s": 4, "r": 13, "e": 5, "t": 2}, {"s": 5, "r": 10, "e": 7, "t": 2}]{"coos": [], "c": null, "e": 7, "subs": [], "s": 0, "r": "陈述句"}
It is easy to do.

其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do.

  • It's not easy to learn English well. 学好英语不容易。
  • It's easy to answer this question. 回答这个问题很容易。
[sb./sth.] is easy to do.

此时句子的主语sb./sth.是其后不定式to do.的逻辑宾语。

  • The book is not easy to understand. 这本书不容易理解。
  • The sentence is easy to translate. 这个句子很容易翻译。

主语the book是其后不定式to understand的逻辑宾语。

主语the sentence是其后不定式to translate的逻辑宾语。

互相转换
  • The work is easy to do. (=It's easy to do the work.) 这工作很容易做。
  • The place is easy to reach. (=It's easy to reach the place.) 那个地方很容易到达。
翻译: 这个问题对我来说很容易回答。
误: I am easy to answer the question. 
正: It is easy for me to answer the question. 
正: The question is easy for me to answer.
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